10 Warning Signs of Lung Cancer You Shouldn’t Ignore

As a practicing lung doctor for nearly a decade, I have encountered thousands of patients with lung cancer. While it's well-known that most cases are linked to smoking, there are also significant instances of lung cancer in non-smokers. One particular type, known as lung adenocarcinoma, can affect individuals regardless of their smoking history. In this article, we’ll discuss ten warning signs of lung cancer that everyone should be aware of.

1. Persistent Cough

A cough associated with a cold or respiratory infection typically resolves within a week or two. However, a persistent cough that lingers could be a symptom of lung cancer. Pay close attention to whether your cough is constant or intermittent, dry or productive, and any changes in its characteristics. Coughing up blood, even in small amounts, is particularly concerning and warrants immediate medical attention.

2. Shortness of Breath

Shortness of breath can arise from various illnesses, but if you find yourself easily winded, it could be a warning sign of lung cancer. This symptom may occur if a tumor is obstructing an airway or causing fluid accumulation around the lungs, known as pleural effusion.

3. Chest Pain

Lung cancer can manifest as chest pain, particularly if it spreads to the chest wall or causes swollen lymph nodes. This pain may be sharp, dull, constant, or intermittent, and it can worsen with deep breathing, coughing, laughing, or sneezing.

4. Wheezing

Wheezing is characterized by a whistling sound while breathing, typically on exhale. This symptom can result from blocked or inflamed air passages and can indicate various conditions, including lung cancer.

5. Recurring Chest Infections

Frequent chest infections, such as bronchitis or pneumonia, can signal an underlying issue like a lung tumor, which may block airways and predispose you to infections.

6. Fatigue

Fatigue associated with lung cancer is often more intense than typical tiredness and does not improve with rest. This symptom can be particularly pronounced if the cancer is advanced.

7. Hoarseness of Voice

A hoarse voice that persists or significant changes in voice may indicate lung cancer. This could occur due to a tumor pressing on the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which controls the voice box.

8. Difficulty Swallowing

If a tumor presses against the esophagus, it can lead to difficulty swallowing, often accompanied by pain. This may also happen if cancer spreads to nearby lymph nodes.

9. Unexplained Weight Loss

Many cancers, including lung cancer, can lead to a decreased appetite and unexplained weight loss of 10 pounds or more, sometimes being the first noticeable sign of cancer.

10. Changes in Fingernails

One lesser-known sign of lung cancer is changes in the fingernails. Clubbing, which is the enlargement or rounding of the fingertips, might indicate lung cancer among other conditions. If you notice this change, it's important to seek medical evaluation.

Conclusion

It's crucial to be aware of these warning signs of lung cancer. Early detection can significantly improve outcomes, and if you or someone you know is experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional.